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TREATIES
Throughout the Onondaga and Haudenosaunee's history, we have made agreements
with other nations. Before the coming of our white brothers, the Haudenosaunee
made agreements with our bordering native nations. After our first contact,
we began to make agreements with our new neighbors, the Dutch, French and
English. These agreements/treaties that the Onondaga and Haudenosaunee
made included Gustenta' or the Two Row Wampum sets
forth how the Haudenosaunee and its new neighbors plan to live together.
Listed
below are three treaties that the Haudenosaunee made with the United States;
the Treaty of Ft. Stanwix, the Treaty of Ft. Harmer, and the Canandaigua
Treaty. Each treaty was ratified by both the United States government and
by the Haudenosaunee. The Treaty of Canandaigua replaced most of the specific
agreements of the Treaty of Fort Harmer, but the treaties remain valid
treaties, and the agreements reached are still binding today.
Treaty of Fort Stanwix 1784
At the treaty of Fort Stanwix, the newly formed United States and the Haudenosaunee
met to discuss the quarreling occurring between the two nations. President
George Washington sent a delegation to ask for peace. In this Treaty, it affirmed
the following:
That the Haudenosaunee and the United States are two separate
sovereign nations.
Federal boundary lines were established to prevent further
settlements by the American frontiersmen.
The oral history of this agreement
states that land given up to the United States would generate money that would
guarantee the Haudenosaunee and its people not to pay taxes. In the exchange
for the new boundary, it was undrestood that the Haudenosaunee's Education
and Health will be provided for.
Treaty of Fort Harmer 1789
At the treaty of Fort Harmer, the United States and the Haudenosaunee met again
to discuss the continuing quarreling occurring between the two nations. In
this Treaty, it affirmed the following:
It re-affirmed that the Haudenosaunee
and the United States are 2 separate sovereign nations.
Federal boundary lines
were re-affirmed to prevent further loss of land.
That there will be peace
and friendship between the 2 nations.
The Canandaigua Treaty of 1794
In the fall of 1794 at Canandaigua N.Y., the United States and the Haudenosaunee
met again to discuss the continuing quarreling occurring between the
two nations. This Treaty signed on November 11, 1794, it affirmed the
following:
It re-affirmed that the Haudenosaunee and the United States
are 2 separate sovereign nations.
Federal boundary lines were adjusted to prevent further loss of land
in Seneca Territory.
That there will be peace and friendship between the 2 nations.
Article 7 was established as a way of settling disputes between Native
and non-native individuals on the other's territory.
Read the complete treaty.
Read President Bill Clinton's letter commorating the Canandaigua Treaty
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